Conjugation

Look up conjugation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Conjugal redirects here. For the type of prison visit, see conjugal visit.

Conjugation may refer to:

• Grammatical conjugation, the modification of a verb from its basic form, including:
  • Latin conjugation
  • Spanish conjugation
  • English verb
• Marriage, relationship between two or more individuals.

In mathematics:

• Complex conjugation, the operation which multiplies the imaginary part of a complex number by −1;
• conjugate element (field theory), a generalization of complex conjugation
• The conjugate transpose of a matrix with complex entries is created by taking the transpose of the matrix and the complex conjugate of each entry.
• Conjugate (algebra), used to rationalize the denominator of a fraction.
• In group theory, various notions are called conjugation:
  • inner automorphism, a type of conjugation homomorphism
  • conjugacy class, the image of an element under the conjugation homomorphisms
  • conjugate closure, the image of a subgroup under the conjugation homomorphisms
  • conjugation of isometries in Euclidean space, an explicit description of the images of elements under conjugation in a special case
• Topological conjugation, which identifies equivalent dynamical systems.
• Conjugate points, in differential geometry.
• Conjugate prior, in probability theory, a family of prior probability distributions.
• Convex conjugate, generalization of the Legendre transformation. Also known as Legendre-Fenchel transformation or Fenchel transformation.
• conformal conjugation in complex dynamics

In the biosciences:

• bacterial conjugation, transfer of DNA without fusion
• conjugate vaccine, in immunology

In chemistry:

• Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory, describes a conjugate acid-base pair
• conjugated system, in organic chemistry, a system of atoms covalently bonded with alternating single and multiple bonds.

In physics:

• Conjugate variables (thermodynamics), the internal energy of a system.
• Conjugate quantities, in quantum physics, are observables that are linked by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, such as position and momentum.

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