Nabataean alphabet - The Encyclopedia

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Nabataean
Type	Abjad
Spoken languages	Nabataean language
Time period	2nd century BC to 4th century AD
Parent systems	Proto-Canaanite alphabet → Phoenician alphabet → Aramaic alphabet → Syriac alphabet → Nabataean
Child systems	Arabic alphabet
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

History of the alphabet

Middle Bronze Age 19 c. BCE Ugaritic 15 c. BCE Proto-Canaanite 15 c. BCE Phoenician 12 c. BCE Paleo-Hebrew 10 c. BCE Samaritan 6 c. BCE Aramaic 8 c. BCE Kharoṣṭhī 6 c. BCE Brāhmī & Indic 6 c. BCE (see Brahmic abugidas below) Hebrew 3 c. BCE Pahlavi 3 c. BCE Avestan 4 c. CE Palmyrene 2 c. BCE Syriac 2 c. BCE Sogdian 2 c. BCE Orkhon (Old Turkic) 6 c. CE Old Hungarian ca. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian 1204 Nabataean 2 c. BCE Arabic 4 c. CE Mandaic 2 c. CE Georgian (disputed) ca. 430 CE Greek 8 c. BCE Etruscan 8 c. BCE Latin 7 c. BCE Runic 2 c. CE Coptic 3 c. CE Gothic 3 c. CE Armenian 405 Glagolitic 862 Cyrillic ca. 940 Paleohispanic 7 c. BCE Epigraphic South Arabian 9 c. BCE Ge’ez 5–6 c. BCE

Meroitic 3 c. BCE

Ogham 4 c. CE

Hangul 1443

Zhuyin (Bopomofo) 1913

Brahmic-derived abugidas

Northern Brāhmīc Gupta 5 c. BCE Mithilakshar 203 CE Siddhaṃ ca. 600 Tibetan ca. 650 ’Phagspa 1269 Lepcha 1700 Limbu 1740 Nāgarī ca. 750 Eastern Nāgarī Bengali ca. 1050 Assamese ca. 1050 Oriya ca. 1100 Devanāgarī ca. 1200 Ranjana ca. 1100 Newari ca. 1150 Moḍī ca. 1600 Gujarati ca. 1600 Cree 1841 Carrier 1885 Inuktitut 1870 Blackfoot 19 c. Sayisi Śāradā 770 Laṇḍā 10 c. Old Kashmiri Gurmukhī 1539 Takri Bhujimol (Old Nepal) 10 c. Ranjana 12 c. Soyombo 17 c. Prachalit Nepal

Southern Brāhmīc Tamil-Brahmi 5 c. BCE Vatteluttu 4 c. BCE Pallava 6 c. CE Grantha 6 c. Sinhala 7 c. Tamil 8 c. CE Saurashtra 20 c. Malayalam 12 c. Tulu 15 c. Old Kawi 775 Balinese Javanese 9 c. Mon 9 c. Burmese 1050 Khmer 9 c. Thai 1283 Lao ca. 1350 Kadamba 5 c. Old Kannada 9 c. Kannada 16 c. Bhattiprolu Script ca. 400 BCE Telugu 16 c. Kalinga 6 c. CE

Complete genealogy

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The Nabataean alphabet is a consonantal alphabet (abjad) that was used by the Nabataeans in the 2nd century BC. Important inscriptions are found in Petra. The alphabet is descended from the Aramaic alphabet via the Syriac alphabet. It in turn developed into the Arabic alphabet from the 4th century, which is why its letterforms are intermediate between the more northerly Semitic scripts (such as the Hebrew) and Arabic.

Name	Arabic Alphabet	Hebrew Alphabet
Aleph	ء	א
Bet	ﺑ	ב
Gimel	ﺟ	ג
Dal	ﺩ	ד
Ha	ﻫ	ה
Waw	ﻭ	ו
Zayn	ﺯ	ז
Ħa	ﺣ	ח
Ṭaa	ﻁ	ט
Yaa	ﻯ	י
Kaf	ﻛ	כ
Lam	ﻟ	ל
Meem	ﻣ	מ
Noon	ﻧ	נ
Samech	ﺳׂ	ס
'in	ﻋـ	ע
Fa	ﻓـ	פ
Ṣad	ﺻ	צ
Qaf	ﻕ	ק
Ra	ﺭ	ר
Shin	ﺷ	שׁ
Ta	ﺕ	ת

[edit] See also

The Northwest Semitic abjad
ʾ	b	g	d	h	w	z	ḥ	ṭ	y	k	l	m	n	s	ʿ	p	ṣ	q	r	š	t
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	200	300	400
history • Phoenician • Aramaic • Hebrew • Syriac • Arabic

v • d • e Writing systems

Overview	History of writing · History of the alphabet · Graphemes

Lists	Writing systems · Languages by writing system / by first written account · Undeciphered writing systems · Inventors of writing systems

Types	Alphabets · Abjads · Abugidas · Syllabaries · Ideogrammic · Pictographic · Logographic

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