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Shcha or Shta (Щ, щ, italics: Щ, щ) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, today usually representing the sound /ɕɕ/ in Russian (historically representing the consonant cluster /ɕʨ/), the consonant cluster /ʃʧ/ in Ukrainian and Rusyn, and the consonant cluster /ʃt/ in Bulgarian. Originally, this letter was a ligature of sha and te (Ш + Т = Щ), with the descender in the middle of the sha, and is descended from the Glagolitic letter Shta: In modern Russian, the sound this letter represents is a voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative, similar to the /ʃ/ of English sheep (thought actually longer). This letter is the most troublesome for romanization. In linguistics, its Russian pronunciation is usually transliterated as šč (with háčeks). It indeed used to be pronounced with an "additional" /t/ in between the two /ɕ/ sounds, almost as in the phrase "fresh cheese." In English, it is typically transcribed with the tetragraph shch (reflecting the traditional pronunciation), but in German it requires seven letters: schtsch. This gave rise to a popular joke about Catherine the Great, a Russian tsarina of German origin, that she managed to make eight spelling mistakes in the two-letter word Щи (shchi, 'cabbage soup'), since the word in German is rendered schtschi. The letter Ŝ is used in Table A of ISO 9:1995 (standard of transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters) for letter Щ. Ş is a rarely used single-letter alternative.[citation needed] [edit] See also
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